effective surface

基本解释

The Sun has an effective surface temperature of 5780 K, which is equivalent to just under 10,000 F and 5500 C.
太阳表面的温度高达5780开，相当于一万华氏度和5500摄氏度一下的温度。
But up to now, systematic researches and understanding of reliable, effective surface treatment are still in want, so further research in this area should be reinforced and perfected.
但由于缺乏系统的研究，对于可靠而有效的表面处理还缺乏统一的认识，因此，这方面的工作还亟待补充和完善。
The laser shock peening is an effective surface treatment technique for improving the fatigue properties of the materials or parts and has a very wide application in aeronautic industry.
结果表明，激光冲击喷丸是改善构件或材料疲劳性能的有效表面处理技术，在航空工业具有广泛的应用前景。

These maps will in turn guide partners in determining where to drill boreholes to bring the water to the surface in a cost effective manner.
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These will be much more effective at filtering contaminated water because the beads will have greater surface area for the arsenic to bind to than the plastic chips.
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